Melasma

Melasma is a skin condition characterized by the appearance of dark pigmented patches, usually on the face. This hyperpigmentation, more common in women and often related to hormonal factors, has led to its nickname “pregnancy mask”. The most commonly affected areas are the cheeks, forehead, nose, upper lip, and chin, with an irregular distribution.

This condition results from an overproduction of melanin, the pigment that gives color to the skin. Melanocytes, cells responsible for melanin production, produce more pigment in certain areas of the skin. While melasma poses no health risk, it can have a significant impact on self-esteem and the quality of life of affected individuals.

Melasma is a chronic and recurrent condition, meaning it may come back even after successful treatment, especially if the skin is exposed to triggering factors again. Therefore, treatment requires a long-term approach, combining dermatological treatments and preventive measures, such as strict sun protection.

Several factors can contribute to its appearance:

• Hormonal factors: melasma is particularly common in pregnant women, hence its nickname “pregnancy mask”. Hormonal changes, especially due to pregnancy or oral contraceptive use, are recognized triggers.
• Sun exposure: UV rays from the sun stimulate melanocytes, the cells responsible for melanin production. Excessive sun exposure can therefore worsen melasma.
• Genetic predisposition: family history of melasma may increase the risk of developing this condition.
• Environmental and lifestyle factors: chronic stress, pollution, and certain skincare products can also contribute to the onset of melasma.

Preventing melasma primarily involves sun protection. Daily use of broad-spectrum sunscreens with a high sun protection factor (SPF) is essential. It is also recommended to wear wide-brimmed hats and protective clothing when exposed to the sun.

Additionally, individuals at risk can also discuss with their dermatologist the possibility of modifying their oral contraception or other medications that could influence the development of melasma.

One of the advantages of PicoSure laser in treating melasma is its precision. Its extremely short pulse duration, between 500 and 800 picoseconds, allows for the removal of pigmented lesions without damaging the surrounding skin. By minimizing the risk of thermal damage to surrounding tissues, side effects and recovery time are significantly reduced. This makes it a particularly suitable treatment option for delicate areas such as the face.

PicoSure laser is also widely used for laser tattoo removal.

The use of the FOCUS lens during treatment allows for the treatment of large areas such as the face or décolleté in just a few sessions, with an overall brightening and rejuvenating effect. Therefore, the PicoSure laser treatment by Cynosure offers a comprehensive approach.

In terms of the number of sessions, typically 2 to 4 sessions are recommended, spaced 3 weeks apart. However, these details may vary depending on the severity of the melasma and the areas affected.

Expected results include the disappearance of brown spots, overall clearer and brighter skin, and an improvement in skin quality.

It is also important to note that while there is no definitive treatment for melasma and prevention is essential, PicoSure laser can effectively reduce these spots, with stable results in the absence of sun exposure.

Strong and consistent sun protection remains crucial to prevent the reappearance of melasma.

For the treatment of facial melasma with CO2 laser, each session costs 320 euros.